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NUMISMATIC NO®PES? 4. 0 . 


AND MONOGRAPH 
No. 23 & y Ss 





A CRETAN COIN HOARD 


By RICHARD B. SEAGER 


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A CRETAN COIN HOARD 


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AINSS & Wisc 


A CRETAN COIN HOARD 


By RicHArp B. SEAGER 


In the autumn of 1922, I have been given 
to understand, some boys playing on a 
mound of earth in the outskirts of Canea, 
the Cretan capital, came upon part of the 
hoard of small silver coins described in this 
article. Originally, they seem to have been 
contained in an earthenware jar or pot 
which in the course of centuries had been 
broken, allowing the contents to become 
somewhat scattered. The fragments of the 
pot were not preserved, and I was unable to 
get any definite information either as to its 
size or shape. This is unfortunate as it 
might have assisted in more nearly fixing 
the date of burial of the hoard. 

On my arrival in Crete, I was able to buy 
about 700 of these coins; and three months 
later, 303 others, making in all, 1003 pieces. 
Evidently after the discovery of the first 
lot, people began digging operations in the 
vicinity, and gradually unearthed more and 


Moeveroe A TIC NOTES 


2 


A CRETAN COIN HOARD 


more specimens, showing that at some pre- 
vious period the original deposit had been 
much disturbed. The coins themselves fell | 
into the hands of numerous owners—ap- 
parently; all the men at work had a share in 
the spoil, and it took some months of nego- 
tiation to get together the 1003 coins on 
which the following catalogue is based. 
Before my arrival in Crete, some had already 
found their way into the hands of local 
dealers and were thus dispersed, but I am 
inclined to think that these were not many 
in number and that I secured the bulk of 
the hoard as first found, except for about 
80 pieces which were acquired by the 
Government in Athens. 

In Crete, coin hoards are not of common 
occurrence. In twenty years of collecting 
in the island, this is the first of any size of 
which I have heard, with the exception of 
one found a few years ago on the site of 
Gortyna. This Gortyna find was hurriedly 
dispersed, barring a few pieces which were 
seized by the Government, and it has been 
impossible to learn very much about it. 

The chief interest of the present hoard 


NUMISMATIGC NO 


" A CRETAN COIN HOARD 


consists in the fact that it presents a great 
number of dies of a hitherto obscure Cretan 
mint, of which only a few examples were 
known, and also increases our knowledge of 
the lesser silver coinage of Cydonia and 
Tanos, and their close relation to one an- 
other. It is also curious in that it contains 
coins of only three known Cretan towns— 
Cydonia, Tanos, and Itanos, whereas non- 
Cretan places, such as Aegina, Argos, 
Chalcis, Corinth, Histiaea, and Macedon 
are all represented, together with a Rhodian 
didrachm—the only coin of this weight in 
the entire hoard. Nearly all the coins are 
hemidrachms or still lighter denominations. 
The only drachms were one of Itanos, to 
which reference will be made later, one of 
Chalcis and two of Corinth. 

From the fact that they were found on 
the site of the ancient Cydonia, it seems 
probable that the coins with the Aeginetic 
reverse (Plates I—V), which comprise 586 
of the 1003 pieces in my possession, belong 
to that mint. There is some evidence for 
this as will be seen, and one naturally 
expects the bulk of the coins in a hoard to 


Peevey INO GRAPHS 





A CRETAN COIN HOARD 


belong to the mint of the district in which 
they were buried, unless they happened to 
have been the property of some foreign | 
refugee. 

We also find in the hoard 200 trihemiobols 
of Aeginetic weight, with a seated hound on 
the reverse (Pl. V), all restruck on Rhodian 
hemidrachms. ‘These, as we know from the 
legend, certainly belong to Cydonia as do 
certain of the obols (Plates VI, VII), so that 
if we assign the 586 pieces with the Aeginetic 
reverse to the same mint, we have roughly 
800 coins belonging to Cydonia out of the 


total of 1003. I say “roughly,” as only 14 
of the 67 obols have been given to Cydonia 
whereas the number may really be greater, 
as will be seen when that series is dealt with 


in the catalogue. 

The pieces with the Aeginetic reverse 
may possibly belong to Tanos, which, from 
the coins already known and the new types 
included in this hoard, was evidently so 
intimately connected with Cydonia that it 
actually used Cydonian dies for its lighter 
denominations. We have practically no 
knowledge of Tanos beyond that given by 


NUMISMAITC NN Ole. 





PeckhE TAN COIN HOARD 


Svoronos in his Numismatique de la Créte 
Ancienne, p. 318, where he places it in the 
immediate vicinity of Cydonia, and one 
hesitates to assign so large a series to a mint 
so little known and to which no coins can be 
definitely attributed except for a small series 
of obols. On the other hand the following 
evidence supports the claims of Cydonia to 
these coins. Svoronos, of. cit., pp. 326-327, 
attributes a small bronze with a reverse of 
very much this type to one of two otherwise 
unknown towns, Thenae or Therapnae, in 
Crete. The reverse of this coin is identical 
with the hoard series except that it lacks 
the small cross-bar dividing one of the four 
compartments. Svoronos considers this re- 
verse loeerepresent, a Greek ‘Theta 
and, therefore, assigns it to one of 
the few Cretan towns the name of which 
begins with TH. He published an excellent 
example of this same coin in Ephemeris 
Archaiologike, 1889, Pl. 13, No. 14, where 
it will be seen how very similar it is to the 


hoard coins. A variety of this coin among 
the uncertain bronze of the British Museum 
(Fig. 1) appears to me to show the letters 


oe OrN OGRAPHS 





A CRETAN COIN HOARD 


K Y A disposed outside the pattern of the 
reverse. 7 If my reading is correct, (Mr. 
Eos 11 Robinson of the British | 
Museum agrees with me,) this would tend 
to assign all the bronze and silver of this 
general type to the Cydonian mint. We 
have the analogy of the obols of Tanos 
for this curious triangular manner of placing 
the first three letters of the place-name. 
(See Plates VI, VII, O: 53 and Q: 53.) 

The attribution of this series to Cydonia 
is further strengthened by the coin shown in 
Fig. 2, which I have called Type A. This 
coin, which had been in my possession for 
some time before the discovery of the 
hoard, makes it fairly clear that this series 
with the Aeginetic reverse must belong to 
either Cydonia or Tanos, but preferably the 
former, as the head on the obverse is almost 
identical with one which occurs on certain 
known types of Cydonian obols, drachms 
and staters. (Svoronos, Num. de la Créte, 
Pl. IX, Nos. 15, 16, 23,22.) 


Type A. Vine-crowned head of a nymph 
to 1., flowing hair, border of dots. Re- 
struck on an earlier flan. 


NUMISMATIOC NO Wes 





A CRETAN COIN HOARD 





Fig. 1 








Fig. 3 





PRCREITAN COIN HOARD 


R Incuse square, divided by broad bands 
into five compartments. 
AR .60, wt. 2.19 grm. 

The weight 2.19 grm. is perplexing as it is 
a good deal heavier than the hoard series of 
this type. It may be meant for a light 
weight Aeginetic hemidrachm, and the ex- 
tensive cleaning to which it has been sub- 
jected may partially account for its appar- 
ent underweight. From its style, it must 
be earlier in date than any of the hoard 
series with this Aeginetic type of reverse, 
with the possible exception of Type B on 
Plate I. 

Belonging to the same series is the coin 
shown in Fig. 3. 

The obverse die seems to be identical with 
that of Fig. 2. 
R Incuse square, divided by narrow bands 
into five compartments. In lower right 
hand compartment, two dots (acorn?). 
Overstruck on an earlier flan. This coin is 
in the Berlin Cabinet and Dr. Kurt Regling, 
to whose kindness I owe the cast, tells me 
that it has hitherto been assigned to Aegina 
following Mionnet’s publication of it (Mion- 


AND MONOGRAPHS 








A CRETAN COIN HOARD 





net, III, 599, 43, Pl. xviii, 6). The reverse 
is almost identical with that of certain coins 
of Aegina, B. Mo CateAgica ee a 
where what here looks like two dots in one 
of the compartments, appears to be an 
acorn. Dr. Regling also tells me he has 
seen a similar coin in the Cabinet of Mr. 
Empedocles in Athens which is overstruck 
on a coin of Sicyon, and which by its style 
appears to him to be a good deal earlier than 
the Berlin example. 

Traditionally, Aegina figures as one of the 
original founders of Cydonia (Babelon, 
Traité, Vol. III, p. 1024, and Strabo, VIII, 
6, 16), and may have maintained an influence 
on affairs even during the historical period. 
But our knowledge of the history of Cretan 
towns in general is very scanty and aside 
from an endless series of petty quarrels with 
each other we have little real information 
about them. Quite recently, however, a 
certain amount of evidence has come to light 
which tends to show that Aegina exercised 
some obscure commercial influence on the 
town of Cydonia. There is a possibility, 
first suggested by Prof. J. L. Myres, of 


NUM 1S 3A aS 


A CRETAN COIN HOARD 


Oxford, that some of her turtle money may 
have been actually struck at Cydonia. Mr. 
E. S. G. Robinson is trying to collect some 
direct proof of a turtle mint in Crete, but 
the evidence is still insufficient for any defi- 
nite statement. If this theory should prove 
to be correct, it would help to explain the 
appearance of the Aeginetic reverse on the 
large series of these coins in the present 
hoard. 

The question of the date of the hoard is 
greatly assisted by the presence of the seven 
tetrobols of Macedon which were issued 
between 185-168 B.C. (Head, Hist. Num., 
p. 234) and of the 129 tetrobols of Histiaea 
which are assigned to 197-146 B.C. or even 
later. (Hist. Num., p. 364.) The probabili- 
ties are that the hoard was buried about 
150 B.C., at a conservative guess, perhaps 
during one of the internecine wars which so 
constantly ravaged this island. These dat- 
able pieces of Macedon and Histiaea raise 
interesting questions as to the dating of some 
of the other coins included in the hoard. 
The series of trihemiobols belonging to 


Cydonia, with a youthful male horned head 


eee ON OGRAPHS 


2) 


A. CRETAN COINSH OAs? 


on the obverse and a seated hound on the 
reverse nearly all seem to be struck on hemi- 
drachms of Rhodes of the type with the 
facing head of Helios. These Cydonian 
coins, judging by their condition, must have 
been nearly fresh from the mint at the time 
of the burial of the hoard. Few of them 
show signs of wear and many of them are in 
nearly mint state. According to Hist. Num., 
p. 464, these pieces were struck between 
400-300 B.C. and Babelon, Vol. III, pp. 
1030-31, No. 1758, places them between 
360-300 B.C. Both these dates appear 
manifestly impossible viewed from the evi- 
dence of the hoard. The original issue of 
Rhodian hemidrachms on which they are 
restruck is placed in B. M. Cat. Caria, pp. 
240-247, at 304-166 B.C., and it is unlikely 
that they were restruck directly after their 
first issue. Secondly, the condition of the 
coins themselves proves that they cannot 
have been long in circulation when the hoard 
was buried. This cannot have taken place, 
at the earliest, before 185 B.C., as shown by 
the tetrobols of Macedon, and was more 
probably nearer 150 than 185 B.C. In 


NUMISMA PCAN Gite 









fone LAN COIN HOARD 


166 B.C., a reorganization of the coinage 
took place in Rhodes, and new types of 
drachms and hemidrachms appeared show- 
ing the rose on the reverse in a shallow incuse 
square, to distinguish them from the preced- 
ing issue which had become shockingly 
debased in weight. (Hist. Num., p. 640). 
This new issue was an effort to rehabilitate 
the Rhodian mint by striking a series of 
coins of better weight to replace the preced- 
ing light weight types which were probably 
no longer accepted at their face value. It 
| may be that the Cydonian treasury found 
itself overstocked with hemidrachms of the 
old type and, the new Rhodian series tending 
still further to discredit them, decided to 
restrike the whole lot as trihemiobols of 
Aeginetic weight. 

The whole question of weights of the 
Cretan pieces in this hoard is a puzzling one, 
and it would appear that all the Cydonian 
coins which it contains were intended to pass 
under both the Rhodian and the Aeginetic 
standards though under different denomina- 
tions. These so-called trihemiobols, as has 
been shown, are really Rhodian hemi- 




























MDE MONOGRAPHS 









I2 


A CRETAN COIN RGAE? 


drachms. According to Macdonald, (The 
Silver Coinage of Crete, British Academy 
Papers, Vol IX, 1919, p. 18), the Rhodian 
system was used together with the Aeginetic 
and debased Aeginetic at Cydonia. There- 
fore one would have expected these small 
coins to have passed in Crete at their face 
value as hemidrachms of Rhodian weight, 
but this apparently was not the case. At 
this time the issues actually struck at Rhodes 
had so lost in weight that the Rhodian 
drachm was treated in Crete as an Aegi- 
netic hemidrachm (Macdonald, p. 16). The 
Rhodian-struck hemidrachm apparently 
shared the same fate, and to solve the dif- 
ficulty was valued and, as we have seen, 
restruck as an Aeginetic trihemiobol. 
Another problem is presented by the large 
series of coins with the Aeginetic reverse. 
These range in weight from 1.36 to 1.94 
grammes, but with an average weight of 
between 1.60 and 1.70 grammes. Of the 
71 specimens belonging to the hoard de- 
scribed below, 11 are under 1.50 grms., 16 
range from 1.50 to 1.60 grms., 29 from 1.60 
to 1.70 grms., 13 from 1.70 to 1.80 grms., 


NUMISMA DiC eh 2 





A CRETAN COIN HOARD 


and only 2 examples are 1.80 grms., or over, 
the heaviest example being 1.86 grms. 
Five of those below 1.50 grms. were in bad 
condition or much cleaned, so that the 
normal low weight for these coins would 
not be less than 1.50 grms. ‘They seem, asa 
whole, too light for Rhodian drachms, as in 
Crete it is the exception to find a drachm of 
this norm under at least two grammes, and 
most of them range from 3 to 3.50 grms.— 
the Cretan series of Rhodian weight being 
more nearly up to standard than the later 
issues of Rhodes itself (Macdonald, pp. 
16-17). These coins are a good deal heavier 
than the series of restruck Rhodian hemi- 
drachms discussed above, where the average 
weight seems to be between 1.20 and 1.30 
grms., with a tendency to rise higher rather 
than lower, but they would be about 
right for Cretan-struck hemidrachms of 
Rhodian weight where the drachm usually 
ranges from 3 grms. to 3.50 grms., which 
would give a hemidrachm of 1.50 to 1.75 
grms.; or, in other words, just what we find 
in the hoard series. When one tries to fit 
them into the Aeginetic standard as found in 


Peeve NOGRAPHS 





13 


14 


A CRETAN COIN HOARD 


Crete they can only be diobols, a denomina- 
tion that, so far, has not been recognized in 
any of the Cretan mints. In the entire 
Cretan series, only at Polyrhenium do we 
find a somewhat similar weight. There the 
coins with the facing bust of Dictynna on the 
obverse and the standing Apollo on the 
reverse, seem to approximate the hoard 
pieces with weights ranging from 1.62 to 
2.II grammes, with an average of 1.80. 
Macdonald (p. 22) speaks of them as Rho- 
dian hemidrachms and Head, (Hist. Num., 
Pp. 475), as hemidrachms of Attic weight. 
The use of the latter standard in Crete seems 
to have been very limited, and we find 
almost no traces of it aside from the series of 
tetradrachms of Attic weight, which may 
have been the result of some political or 
commercial grouping of certain Cretan 
towns. Accepting, therefore, these coins 
with the Aeginetic reverse as Rhodian hemi- 
drachms, we find that they would also be 
right for Aeginetic diobols if, as Macdonald 
says (p. 11), the norm for Aeginetic hemi- 
drachms in Crete is about 2.55 grammes. 


This would give an obol of .85 and a diobol 


NUMISMA EITC Ge 


A CRETAN COIN HOARD 


of 1.70 grms., which is just what we find 
in the hoard coins, and not far out for the 
series of Polyrhenium.* 

From the reverses of the hoard coins, one 
would naturally have supposed that they 
would bear some relation to the Aeginetic 
system, but one would have hardly expected 
them to turn out to be diobols, a denomina- 
tion which seems not to occur in the mint of 
Aegina itself or anywhere in Crete, if we 
except the coins of Polyrhenium just men- 
tioned. If they are really meant to be 
Aeginetic diobols, they were probably issued 
to fulfil some commercial need for which the 
overstruck Rhodian hemidrachms and other 
small denominations of Cydonia were con- 
sidered unacceptable. The probable solu- 
tion of the whole question is, that given the 
equal use of the two standards by the 
Cydonian treasury, a coin which could pass 
in both systems as a definite though different 
unit of weight was very acceptable, and that 
the coins with the Aeginetic reverse could 





1 Babelon, Tratié, Vol. III, Pl. cclx, 11, shows a 
coin of Aptera as silver which in the text p. 1022, No. 
1741 bis, he gives as bronze and yet describes it as an 
Aeginetic diobol. The coin really is bronze, and an error 
has crept into the Plate. 


Pewee ONO GRAPHS 


e 


16 


A CRETAN COIN HOARD 


be either Aeginetic diobols or Rhodian hemi- 
drachms, as best suited the needs of the 
moment. 

Of the two Aeginetan coins in the hoard, 
one triobol is in excellent state, Pl. VIII, 65, 
and shows few signs of having been in cir- 
culation for a long course of years as one 
would suppose must have been the case. 
This type, according to B. M. Cat. Aftica, 
p. 139, No. 172, must have been issued before 
431 B.C., and that it should still be in cir- 
culation by the middle of the second century 
B.C. without showing more signs of wear, 
seems incredible. This dating of these 
pieces with a crescent in one of the compart- 
ments of the incuse must be left open to 
question. 

The two Corinthian drachms, Pl. IX, 71, 
must have been in circulation for a long time, 
as one belongs to the issue of 350-338 B.C. 
This coin, however, shows considerable signs 
of wear. The second piece (issue of 300- 
243, B.C.) was in very bad state, with a 
large piece broken out of the side, and is not 
illustrated. 

There were 67 obols of Cydonia and 


NUMISMAT EGAN Oa 


ASCRETAN COIN HOARD 


Tanos included in the hoard. Most of these 
show many signs of wear, especially the 
types M, N, O and P shown on PI. VI. 
yoes ix, >) and IT, on the other hand, 
were in fresher state and may have been 
the issues in circulation at the time of the 
burial of the hoard, especially R: 56, of which 
there were 13 examples out of the 67 pieces. 
The heads on the obverse of types N, P, 
Q and T seem to be new; at any rate, I 
have been unable to trace any published 
examples of them. 

The question of sequence for the types 
with the Aeginetic reverse is not easy to 
decide, and my arrangement is an arbitrary 
one. In some cases the reverse of one series 
running over into another with a different 
obverse die, has served to indicate the order 
of sequence; but from the condition of the 
coins, the different issues must have suc- 
ceeded one another fairly quickly and, except 
for type B, none of them had been long in 
circulation when the hoard was buried. The 
series with the obverse shown in Plates III 
to V, Types H and Ha, was the most 
abundant, numbering about 180 out of the 


Pens MLONOGRAPHS 





18 


A CRETAN COIN HOARD 


total of 554 pieces, which were sufficiently 
well preserved for purposes of identification. 
This type, with its crude copy, I (Pl. IV), 
and, perhaps, J (Pl. V), were doubtless the 
dies in use at the time the hoard was 
hidden. 

The obverse die, as is usually the case, 
outlasted the reverse, and one finds the 
same obverse used with a series of different 
reverses and can note its gradual deteriora- 
tion until it becomes so nearly indistin- 
guishable that it had to be replaced by a 
new die. (PI. I, B and Ba, and series D.) 
Nine obverse dies occur among these pieces 
with the Aeginetic reverse. At first I took 
type Ba on Pl. I to be independent, but it 
appears to be the die of type B in the final 
stages of disintegration. ‘The reverse dies 
number forty-two, which is surprising con- 
sidering that these coins were practically 
unknown before the discovery of this hoard. 

The obverse types, as is usual in the 
Cretan series, show extremes of style—some 
of them being quite good and others very 
crude. In the series, f sanc rayon 
Plates II, III, one sees the original die and 


NUMISMATLGGN ORs 


A CRETAN COIN. HOARD 


its coarser copy in two states. The large 
series H on Plate III has also its crude copy 
I. The same reverse in several states is 
shown on PI. I, series B:1, B:1a, C:1b and 
a- te also C22, Baroa, D:2b and D:2c. 
Another reverse in several states is shown 
Greets apoeand isa’ and Gitsb. In 
the above examples, one can follow the 
changes in the dies, flaws appearing at the 
corners of the design and a gradual filling 
and obscuring of the entire surface. 

In one or two cases, the pieces with the 
Aeginetic reverse show slight traces of being 
restruck on an earlier flan, but in no case 
have I been able to make out the type of the 
original. Taking the series as a whole, 
cases of restriking are very rare in contrast 
to the trihemiobols where almost every coin 
shows traces of the older flan. 

The obols of Cydonia and Tanos, shown 
on Plates VI and VII, are very perplexing 
and, except where they bear inscriptions, it 
is impossible to say to which mint they 
belong as the types for the two places are 
identical. Therefore, I have classed as un- 
certain several obols which have hitherto 


Nees OUNO GRAPHS 


19 





A CRETAN COINTHOARD 


been given to Cydonia and have assigned 
definitely only those bearing legends. 

The coins of the hoard were, as a whole, in 
bad condition, heavily coated with a brown- 
ish-grey corrosion, and in many cases the 
metal itself was so rotten and granulated 
that some literally fell to pieces in cleaning. 
Fortunately, there was a sufficient number of 
sound specimens among the mass to enable 
me to reproduce the series here illustrated. 

Of the coins foreign to Crete, I have 

‘thought it unnecessary to illustrate all the 
examples. This is particularly so in the 
case of the 129 tetrobols of Histiaea. Ihave 
chosen, therefore, specimens which, from 
either their condition or type, seem worthy 
of notice. 

In addition to the Berlin coin, Fig. 3, and 
the one belonging to Mr. Empedocles, I have 
been able to trace but two others with 
reverses of this Aeginetic type 

The British Museum has a specimen of 
the coin shown on Pl. I, D: 2b, which appar- 
ently came from this same hoard as it was 
bought not long after its discovery, together 
with one of the Cydonian trihemiobols shown 





NUM.1S MA Ti CaN Galeries 


BeCRETAN COIN HOARD 


on Pl. V, K. A coin similar to H: 24 of Pl. 


IV is in Mr. Edward T. Newell’s Cabinet, 
and he tells me that he thinks it came 
originally from the Pozzi Collection. 

In the following catalogue the obverse 
types are indicated by capital letters, and 
where they pass through various states of 
deterioration these stages are further in- 
dicated by the addition of a small letter 
showing the state of the die. Thus C would 
be the obverse type in its first state, and Ca 
the die C showing the first signs of wear or 
deterioration. 

The reverse types are indicated by numer- 
als, to which small letters are added for 
indicating the different states of the die. 
Thus taking the obverse types B, C and Ba, 
we find them associated with the reverse die 
1, which passes through stages of deteriora- 
tion indicated by 1a, 1b and 1c, in the last of 
which the die has become almost entirely 
obliterated. 

The following list gives the number of 
examples of the varieties contained in the 
hoard. 


PeNcveav ONOGRAPHS 





21 


22 A CRETAN COIN HOARD 


Cydonia—Type B 15 Examples 
ane 12 ti 
ce ey 12 (a9 
se a 21 4 
(a9 D 69 ce 
“ E 93 ce 
ce F 49 (79 
ce Fa 6: (79 
(<9 G 21 ce 
“ 1 Se hle acs e: 
(a9 I 37 ce 
(79 J 12 66 

Uncertain, owing to 
state... .. <5 outa 32 3 
Totals... 7333 ee 586 - 
Types K-& Dee 188 eS 
Uncertain owing 
to staté eee a 
Total. 2 eee 200 x 


Cydonia & Tanos Obols. 


Cydonia:..<;aee ee 14 if 
Tanos , 2... Ir Me 
Uncertain... eee 42 ne 

Total |... 3... eee 67 Se 


NUMISMATEC NOEs 


A CRETAN COIN HOARD 23 


ene, a ee 2 Examples 
Uncertain (Orion?)..... I 3 


Non-Cretan Coins 


SULT a ae 2 
PO dh oy crs od ss 5 
ORS 6 aia i eS 
PrOmniLinn es os ky. 2 a 
PAPO eet is a ss 129 ch 
JENS 2 hg ae 7 a 
PeUOCIeS ele bas ibs. as I ie 
RCM cre tn 147 i 


CYDONIA 


Type B:x. Youthful head (Apollo?) to | PrateT 
r., wearing wreath. 
Ry. Incuse square divided by broad bands 
into five compartments. 
Ak 53. wt. 1.68: etm, 7 Examples. 


RY. 1a. Same die as above showing 

gradual filling up of the surface. 

AR .58, wt. 1.74 grm. 8 Examples. 
Type C:1b. Wreathed head (Apollo?) to r. 

RZ. Same die as above showing still more 

marked deterioration. 

AR) eso, wt. 1.68 grm. 7 Examples. 


ov ENO GRAPHS 


A CRETAN COIN HOARD 


Ry. 2. Similar to foregoing—the incuse 
seems now to disappear, though the square 
remains in varying forms throughout the 
entire series. 

AR 352, wt. 1.05. 20m 5 Examples 


Type Ba:1c. Wreathed head to r., very 
rough die. 
Ry. Same die as B:1, but with the design 
nearly obliterated. 
AR .50, wt. 1.55 grm. 1 Example. 


Ry. 2a. Same die as © 2) 
AR .51, wt. 1.62 grm. 11 Examples. 


Type D:2b. Head of Apollo or nymph 
to l., hair rolled, with long locks hanging 
down at back of the neck. 
ky. Apparently the same die as C:2 and 
Ba:2a, but somewhat blurred through use. 
AR .55, wt. 1.74 grm. 27 Examples. 


RY. 2c. Same die, even more obliterated. 
The small cross-bar in the lower left hand 
compartment has now entirely disappeared. 
AR .§7, who1ssogtam 8 Examples. 
Ry. 3. Similar, but different die. 

AR .52, wt. 1.68 grm. 28 Examples. 


NUMIS MA TT Ceh Osi 





A CRETAN COIN HOARD 


Type D:4. Same die, nearly obliterated: 
Ry. Similar, but different die. . 
AR .50, wt. 1.36 grm. (much cleaned, hence 
low weight). 6 Examples. 


Type Ca:3a. Same die as C, in second 
state showing flaw above the bridge of the 
nose. This die is shown on Plate II, Ca. 


RY. Same dieas D:3 Not illustrated. 
AK 52. wl. t.41-grm. 1 Example. 


Ry. 4a. Later state of D:a. 
AR  .55, wt. 1.74 grm. 6 Examples. 


RY. 5. Similar but different die. 
AR 232, wt, 1.16 grm. 2 Examples. 
Much cleaned, hence low weight. 


Ry. 6. Similar but different die. 
AR_ .48, wt. 1.52 grm. 4 Examples. 


Ry. 6a. Same die Ca:6 in second state. 
AR .56, wt. 1.68 grm. 7 Examples. 


Ry. 6b. In third state, showing die nearly 
filled up. 
AR .54, wt. 1.79 grm. 1 Example. 


Type E:7. Head of Apollo or nymph to 


Pee vON © GRAPHS 


25 


PLATE 
II 


26 


PLATE 
Ill 


A CRETAN COIN HOARD 


l., hair rolled with locks hanging down at 
back of neck; border of dots. 
Ry. Similar but different die. 


AR OSSS,.wL i. 72.000 16 Examples. 
Ry. 8. Similar but different die. 

AK 552) wt, 1/30ceru 26 Examples. 
RY. 9. Similar but different die. 

AR .53, wt. 1.52 grm. 14 Examples. 
RY. ro. Similar but different die. 

AK .55, wt. 1.03 grim 37 Examples. 


Type F:11. New die similar to E but of 
coarser workmanship; border of dots. 
Ry. Similar but different die. 
AR .53, wt..1.70 g1m: 29 Examples. 
Ry. 12. Similar but different die. 
AR .58, wt. 1.56 grm. 7 Examples. 
RY. 13. Similar but different die. 
AR .53, wt. 1.59 gum, 4 Examples. 
Ry. roa. Same die as E:10 
AR .55, wt. 1.62 grm. 9g Examples. 
Type Fa:7a. Same die but beginning to 
show signs of wear. 
Ry. Same die as E:7, also beginning to fill 
up. 


AR .60x.50,wt. 1.41 grm. 7 Examples. 


NUMISMA TIC IN © Takes 


Pee ANE COIN HOARD 


Ry. 14. Similar but different die. 


Pe s0, wi. I.41 prin. 21 Examples. 
Ry.1s. Similar but different die. * — 
wk 450, wt. 1:50 grm. 3 Examples. 


RY. 15a. Same die, showing flaw beginning 
to develop in upper right hand corner. 
Ak s+) wt. 1.62 grim. 2 Examples. 


Type G:15b. Head of Apollo or nymph to 
l., hair rolled, long locks hanging down at 
back of neck; border of dots. Coarse style. 
RY. Same die as Fa:15 and 152. 


AK iso: wt. 1.67 erm. 3 Examples 
RY. 16. Similar but different die. 
AR .52, wt. 1.58 grm. 4 Examples. 


RY. 17. Similar but different die. 
wie :54, wt, 1.59 etm. 7 Examples. 


RY. 17a. Same die as 17, but showing signs 
of wear. The short bar in lower left hand 
compartment entirely obliterated. 

Ak 56, wt. 1-62 erm: 3 Examples. 
Not illustrated. 


RY. 18. Similar but different die. This 


is the only type showing the short crossbar 


Peon ONC) GRAPHS 





27 


28 


PLATE 
lV 


A CRETAN COLIN OAR 


in the lower left hand compartment KH 
in this unusual position. 
AR +454, wt. 1.62 grm. 4 Examples. 


Type H:19. Head of Apollo or nymph to 
l. Hair rolled, long locks hanging down at 
back of neck. 
Ry.. Similar to the usual type. 
AR .60, wt. 1.59 grm. 5 Exar.ples. 
R7. 20. Similar but different die. 
AR .56, wt. 1:55 gnu: 3 Examples. 
RY. 21. Similar but different die. 
AR .s0, wt. 1.62 grm, 2 Examples. 


Type I. Similar to Type H but very 
crude, coarse work. This die, I, and Type 
H are both associated with the following 
reverses, Nos. 22-29. 


Types H, I:22. 
Ry. Similar but different die. 
H:22—AR_ .52,wt. 1.74 grm. 20 Examples. 
I:22—AR. .53,wt. 1.52 grm. 1 Example. 
Ry. 23. H—AR_ .57, wt. 1.60 grm. 29 Ex. 
I—AR_ .53, wt. 1.76 grm. 2 Ex. 
Type H:23a, 
Same die. 


NUMISMALE?PIOG Nowe 


A CRETAN COIN HOARD 


Ry. This seems to be the die of No. 23 
recut. Not illustrated. 
Bie s7, wt. 1:74 grm. 4 Examples. 


Types H, I:24. 
RY. Similar but different die. 
H:24—AR_  .54,wt. 1.68 grm. 4 Examples. 
I:24—AR_ .60x .50, wt. 1.62 grm. 1 Ex. 


RY. 25. Similar but different die. 
H—AR .55, wt. 1.79 grm. 29 Examples. 
I—AR .54, wt. 1.65 grm. 11 Examples. 


RY. 26. Similar but different die. 
H—AR_ .53, wt. 1.62 grm. 13 Examples. 
I—AR_ .57, wt. 1.62 grm. 6 Examples. 


Ry. 27. Similar but different die. 
H—AR .51, wt. 1.72 grm. | 19 Examples. 
I—AR_ .50, wt. 1.67 grm. 1 Example. 


Ry. 28. Similar but different die. 
H—AR .52, wt. 1.57 grm. 17 Examples. 
I—AR_  .52, wt. 1.63 grm. 10 Examples. 


RY. 29. Similar but different die. 

H—AR_ .57, wt. 1.62 grm. 5 Examples. 
I—AR_ .51, wt. 1.42 grm. 1 Example. 
Much cleaned. 


Poros) NOGRAP HS 





30 


A CRETAN COIN HOARD 


Type Ha:30. Same die as Type H, but 
much worn. 
Ry. Similar square divided into five com- 
partments. One of the crossbars is carried 
outside the square on the right and ends in a 
ball-like knob. In the centre of each of the 
three square compartments, a pellet. 
AR .50, wt. 1.62 prm. 2 Examples. 
(This, and the succeeding coins, Ha:30-38, 
show the die of Type H ina very worn state 
and must therefore be later than most of the 
preceding examples of this die.) 


RY. 31. Similar to No. 30 but different die. 
AR .55, wt. 1.50 grm.; another example, 
wt. 1.79 grm. 4 Examples. 


Ri. 32. Similar but with the knob on 
horizontal crossbar outside on I.,instead of r. 
AR  .57, wt. 1.52 grm.; another example, 
wt. 1.72 grm. 5 Examples. 


RY. 33. Similar but with exterior knob on 
lower end of vertical crossbar. 
AR .59, wt. 1.07 ore 5 Examples. 


Ry. 34. Similar but different die. 


AR .62, wt. 1.62 grm. 1 Example. 


NUMIS MATIN Oar 





ieCRETAN COIN HOARD 


RY. 35. Similar but with exterior knob at 


top of vertical crossbar. 


ites 54, Wt, 1.42 grm. 3 Examples. 
RY. 36. Similar but different die. 
Ae 7,52, Wt-'1.55 grm. 1 Example. 


In the following coins, Nos. 37 and 38, we 
again find the obverse types H and I 
associated with the same reverses. 


Type Ha, 1:37. Same die. 
RY. Similar to No. 36, but different die. 
Maa .55, wt. 1.05 grm. 3 Examples. 
I—AR .52, wt. 1.48 grm. (Much cleaned, 
hence low weight.) 3 Examples. 


RY. 38. Similar to Nos. 33 and 34 but 
different die. 

Ha—AR .57,wt.1.62grm. 4 Examples. 
I—AR_ .53, wt. 1.46 grm. (Much cleaned, 
hence low weight.) 1 Example. 


RY. 39. Usual type without knob or 
pellets. 
AR .50, wt. 1.86 grm. 2 Examples. 


Type J:39. Head of Apollo or nymph to 
r., hair rolled with long locks hanging down 
at back of neck; border of dots. 


meow) NOGRAPHS 


al 


PLATE 






A’ CRETAN: COIN@HOARTS 


RY. Same die as No. Ha:309. 


AR .54, wt. 1.68 grm. 1 Example. 
Ry. 40. Similar but ‘different die. 
AR. .57, wt. 1:40:8tnn 1 Example. 
Ry. 41. Similar but different die. 
AR” 552, wts Ll. sovgrms 4 Examples. 
RY. 42. Similar but different die. 
AR -251,-wt.. 1.67) pie 6 Examples. 


The following series are all struck on 
Rhodian hemidrachms and have long been 
recognized as belonging to Cydonia. In the 
large number, 200 examples, contained in the 
hoard, two obverse dies could be clearly 
recognized, and appear below as Types K 
and L. Of these obverse dies, K occurs 
the more frequently. The reverse dies are 
three in number and occur in conjunction 
with both the obverse types K and L. Most 
of these dies pass through various states, 
but I have shown two states only of one of 
them, in K-L:45 and 45a. In many cases 
it was possible to make out the symbol and 
magistrate’s name of the original Rhodian 
flan. A list of those which could be dis- 
tinguished is given below, and two coins 


NUMISMA PIC UN Grits 


Peerne LAN COIN HOARD 


with clear traces of the old flan are shown 
Ieee Vv L:46 and K:47. 


Types K-L:43. Young horned head 
(Pan?) to |.; border of dots. 
Ry. K Y Seated hound to r. 
K—AR_ .55, wt. 1.36 grm. 35 Examples. 
L—AR_  .57, wt. 1.40. 26 Examples. 
RY. 44. Similar but different die. 
K—AR .61, wt.1.16grm. 46 Examples. 
L—AR .56, wt.1.28 grm. 14 Examples. 


Types K-L:45. Same dies but showing 
signs of wear. 
Ry. Similar but different die. 
K—AR_ .62,wt.1.46grm. 22 Examples. 
L—AR_ .58, wt. 1.41 grm. 15 Examples. 
Types K-L:45a. Same dies, much worn. 
RY Same die as No. 45, but the flaw by 
the K has increased in size. 
K—AR_ .53, wt. 1.24 grm. 15 Examples. 
L—AR .54, wt. 1.23 grm. 15 Examples. 
Type L:46. Die of Type L badly struck. 
Ry. Same die as No. 45. The facing head 
of Helios of the original Rhodian flan is 
clearly visible. 
AR  .60, wt. 1.38 grm. 


eo ON OGRAPH S 


oe 


34 


A CRETAN COINS OA? 


Type K:47. Die of Type K, badly struck. 
RY. Same die as No. 43. Magistrate’s 
name, EYKPATH®; symbol, anchor, of the 
original Rhodian flan clearly visible. 

AR .55, wt. 1.07 grm. (Broken and much 
cleaned, hence low weight.) 


The following is the list of the Rhodian 
magistrates’ names and symbols as far as 
they could be made out on this series. Fora 
list of these names and symbols, see B.M. 
Cat. Caria and Islands, p. 247, Nos. 188-196. 


AMEINIA®, symbol, bearded ithyphallic 


term r. 12 Examples. 
1 AMEINIA®S, term, 1-23 grm. 
2 AM ore eeaeas Pe ee 1.20 Gee 
3A VU eae ; Tt 
4°ACM?) ee {207 
AOA term, tsi 
6 AM TAGAee 
7 AMEINIA® bE ee 
8 AMEIN..., term, Laney 
go AMEINIA2 7 hide ee 
10 A. ou). ge ee 
it 3s,-SINIAg Tah 
12°) /.KINIAS ver ys 


NUMISMA TLTCRN Os 


Neen AN COIN HOARD 


AKEXIx, symbol, dolphin. 4 Examples. 


ec eee ead 1.27 grm. 

eee acolphin ...>.;- “» -(broken) 
Gee od E20 ent, > 

Te Ano 2 30,0" 


ANAZANAPOS, symbol, trident. 


1 Example. 
PN eAN. tS. 1.26 grm. 


EYKPATH2, symbol, anchor. 10 Fxamples. 
fore RE AYH. anchor, 1.29 grm. 
2 EYKPATH> He TOTAL. 
ANOS ee ee ial 200 a, 
Sevier a en PO pea 
Peewee A EELS (broken). 1.12“ 


oped a oie ee TL TOek 
(OCS Stan eee ancnor, 91.91. * 
De A ea m i ea 
hk ag aa os D207 
et eas hg se BO) o reo tse 


One coin shows a bunch of grapes as the 
symbol but no letters can be distinguished. 
In addition to the above, nearly all of the 
200 examples of this series bear some traces 
of the original flans on either the obverse or 
reverse. With the exception of the coin 


Poa ero NO:GRAPHS 





33 


A CRETAN COIN HOARD 


mentioned below, the highest weight was 
1.52 grm., but the well preserved specimens 
average from 1.20 to 1.30 grm. as a rule. 
One of these coins seems not to be struck on 
the usual tvpe of Rhodian hemidrachms, and 
weighs 1.74 grm., which puts it in a quite 
different class to the others. The original 
obverse shows traces of a facing head to the 
right; and the reverse, very faint traces of a 
design in a square or incuse with a bunch of 
grapes asa symbol. It appears to be one of 
the early Rhodian hemidrachms of the 
issue of 408-400 B.C., B.M. Cat. Caria, 
Ploxxxvi 

On Plates VI and VII are shown the series 
of obols of Cydonia and Tanos which num- 
bered 67 examples. Only 14 of these can, 
with certainty, be assigned to Cydonia and 
eleven to Tanos. The remaining 42 pieces 
might belong to either town. Unfortunately 
these tiny coins of thin metal had suffered 
greatly from corrosion and were in a very 
fragile state so that some of the examples 
shown on Pl. VI leave much to be desired. 
Also the specimens of what seem to be the 
earlier types of the series M, N, O, and P 


NUM IS MAT ERCGIN Oa. 





Aone lLAN COIN HOARD 


were already badly worn before the burial 
of the hoard, but as one or two of them seem 
to be unpublished I have thought it advisa- 
ble to illustrate them, poor though they 
may be. 

The plates are arranged to show the close 
relationship of the two mints by bringing 
similar dies together rather than with a 
view to grouping the coins of each town 
separately. In some cases the obverse dies 
of the two places are identical; and the same 
may have been the case with the reverses 
where they are without legends, so that it 
seems quite impossible to assign the un- 
inscribed specimens with any certainty to 
either one or the other of these mints. 


UNCERTAIN 

Type M:48. Wreathed head of Apollo or 
nymph to |., much worn. 
He Pitee Crescents; in centre, a pellet; 
border of dots. 
AR .s5o, wt. .51 grm. (much corroded and 
cleaned). 1 Example. 

This obverse appears to be from the same 
die as that used for M:50 (below), which 
clearly belongs to Cydonia. 


een ONO GRAPHS 





37 


PLATE 
VI 


38 


A CRETAN COIN HOARD 


Type N:49. Head of nymph to r. 
Crude, heavy fabric. 
Ry. Three crescents; in centre, a pellet. 
AR 42, wt. 1.10 gigs 1 Example. 
The head on the obverse of this coin seems 


to be a rough copy of the fine staters of 
Cydonia signed by Neuantos. 


CY DO sams 


Type M:s50. Wreathed head of Apollo 
or nymph, to r. 
ky. Three crescents; in centre, K; border of 
dots. 
AR .42, wt. 1.07 grm. (Svoronos, PI. ix, 
r7): 3 Examples. 
The obverse, as noted above, seems to be 
the same as that of M:48. 


Type O:51. Head of nymph vio; 
crowned with ivy; border of dots. 
RY. KY A QN. Three crescents; in centre, 
bucranium; border of dots. 


AR .48, wt. .77 grm. (highest wt. 1.03 
grm.) Svoronos, Pl. ix, 27. 9 Examples, 
all much worn. 


NUMISMA TiC Go 









BeCRETAN COIN HOARD 





TANOS 


Type P:52. Head of Apollo or nymph 
tor.. Much worn. 


Ry. Three crescents—in the arc of one of 
them a T—in centre, a pellet; border of dots. 
AR .51, wt. .71 grm. (much corroded and 
cleaned). 1 Example. 
This coin, which seems to be an un- 
published variety, has in the arc of one of the 
crescents the same badly formed T that we 
find on the Tanos pieces described below 
(0:53). The surface of the coin is so worn 
that it is not clear whether the legend was 
originally TAN as on the other Tanos pieces. 
Type 0:53. Same die as O:51. 
Ry. TAN Similar die to P:52. 
hice so. we. 04 grim. (Svoronos, Pl. xxx, 
23). 8 Examples. 
Wen Gok LAT N. 
Type 0:54. Same as O:53. 
Ry Three crescents—in the arc of each, a 
pellet—a fourth in the centre; border of dots. 
AR .53, wt. .o4 grm. 5 Examples. 
This type is published by: Svoronos, PI. 
ix, 29, as belonging to Cydonia. 


PeweoerONO GRAPHS 






A CRETAN COIN HOARD 


RY. O:ss. Three crescents; in centrem a 
pellet; border of dots. 
AR .42, wt. .93 gem. (Syoron0se Plein 
28). 7 Examples. 
There seem to be faint traces of a T in 
the arc of one of the crescents, and of an A in 
the |. field, but the coin is much worn. The 
piece figured in Svoronos under Cydonia 
(Pl. ix, 28) also shows traces of these 
letters, so it may be that this is really a 
worn die of the reverse of P:52 and O:53. 


TANOS 


Type Q:53. Head of Apollo or nymph to 
r. (wreathed?); hair rolled and bound at 
the back of the neck; border of dots. 


Ry. Apparently the same die as O:53. 


AR  .43, wt. .77 grm. 2 Examples. 
This obverse seems to be unpublished. 


UNCERTAIN 
Type Q:56. Same die as Q:53. 
Ry. Three crescents; in centre, ‘a pellet; 
border of dots. 


AR .50, wt. .62 grim. 3 Examples. 


NUM ISMAVPCUGNa es 





peCRETAN COIN HOARD 


The reverse die of this piece seems to be 
the same as that of R:56 described below and 
hitherto assigned to Cydonia. 


Type Q:57. Same die as Q:53 and Q:56. 
RY. Three crescents; in centre, bucranium; 
border of dots. 

AR .47, wt. .75 grm. 4 Examples. 

This reverse is very similar to that given 
below under S:60 and assigned by Svoronos 
to Cydonia. 


Type R:56. Head of Apollo or nymph to 
r., hair rolled and bound at back of neck; 
border of dots. 

Ry Same die as Q:56. 
AR .48, wt. .77 grm. (Svoronos Pl. ix, 
3): 13 Examples. 


Type R:58. Same die. 
Ry Similar to O:54, but a different die. 
aay, Wie.77 RIM: 1 Example. 


Type S:59. Youthful head to r., hair 
rolled and bound at back of neck; border of 
dots. 

Ry. Three crescents; in arc of each, a pellet 
—in centre, bucranium; border of dots. 


Aron AG, Wt,.02 grm. min ple. 


ewe OUNO GRAPH > 


AI 


A CRETAN COINSHOAE 


Type S:60. Same die. 


Ry. Three crescents; in centre, bucranium; 

border of dots. 

AR. (45; wt75 gin, 6 Examples. 
This. coin is shown in Svoronos, Pl. ix, 

14, and in the B. M. Cat. Crete, Pl. vii, 

9, as belonging to Cydonia, but it might 

equally well belong to Tanos. 


CY DONTSA 
Type T:61. Youthful head to L., hair 
rolled and bound in knot at back of neck. 
Coarse style. 
ky. Three crescents; in centre, bucranium; 
in field near border, K; border of dots. 
Very crude style. 


AR .47, wt..75 gia 1 Example. 
This seems to be an altogether un- 
published type of Cydonia. 


Type U:61. Head of Apollo or nymph to 
r. (wreathed?); hair rolled and bound at 
the back of the neck; border of dots. Bar- 
barous style. 
Ry Same die as T:61. 
AR .47, wt. .77 grm. 1 Example. 


NUMIS MA PiGenN Or. 





A CRETAN COIN HOARD 


This coin seems a barbarous copy of 
Q:57. The presence of the K on the reverse 
would seem to confirm its assignment to 
Cydonia. 

PAN OS 

No. 62. Helmeted head of Athena to 1. 

RY. Star of eight rays. 


AR .51,wt. .58 grm. (Obol. Svoronos, PI. 
xix, No. 22, or similar.) t Example. 


No. 63. Helmeted head of Athena to 1. 
RX. ITANION. Eagle standing tol., with 
head turned r. In r. field, a triton to l., 
raising his r. hand and carrying in his l. a 
trident; concave field. 

AR .80,wt. 5.11 grm. (Drachm. Svoronos, 
Pk, xix, No. 24.) 1 Example. 


ORION (?) 

No. 64. Vase with two neck-handles (or 
deeply fluted neck) and a vertical handle on 
the body. 

Ry. Incuse square of Aeginetic pattern, 
divided by bands into five compartments, 
badly worn and much corroded. 


Aieewo wt, 75 erm. 1 Example. 


Peer NOGRAPHS 


43 


PLATE 
VIII 







A CRETAN COIN HOARD 


This type has been published by Cameron 
and Hill, Num. Chron., Fourth Series, Vol. 
XIII, 1913; No. 22,°Pl xve ree oe 
teresting to find it in this hoard containing 
such a mass of coins with reverses of 
Aeginetic pattern. I have always noticed in 
buying coins on Cretan sites, that coins 
foreign in origin to the place where they are 
found will often be similar in type to the 
issues of the local mint of that district. 
Thus at Praesos, foreign coins with the 
reverse type of a bull’s head facing are 
common and the same occurs at Gortyna 
and Phaistos where Euboic types are often 
found. In the mountain towns of the West, 
Elyros, Hyrtakina, Lisos and Polyrhenium, 
the silver obols of Sicyon with flying doves 
| are very common, probably because they 
are almost identical with the local silver 
obols of this region. In the Messara, I have 
several times seen drachms of Samos 
with the incuse lion mask on the reverse, 
which are again similar to the earlier issues 
of Gortyna, which controlled this district. 
This same fact holds good with the bronze 
coinage, as, for example, Retimo, the ancient 

























NUMIS MA DEG UN Ofer 


A CRETAN COIN HOARD 


Rithymna, where foreign bronze coins with 
dolphin types are found in considerable 
numbers; and Cydonia, where bronze with 
bunches of grapes frequently occur, resem- 
bling but not belonging to the Cydonian 
series. 


On the following plates, Nos. VIII to XII, 
are shown the non-Cretan coins belonging 
to the hoard. 


AEGINA 


No. 65. Tortoise; structure of shell di- 
vided into ten plates, to r., A, to l., (A?), 
Ry. Incuse square divided by bands into 
five compartments; in left upper compart- 
ment, a crescent. 

AR .55, wt. 2.98 grm. “friobol. B.M. 
Cat’ Aviica; Pl. xxiv, 15). 1 Example. 


No. 66. Tortoise; badly worn. 
Ry. Incuse square divided by bands into 
five compartments. 
eee te 2.07 orm. Much cleaned, 
hence low weight (Triobol. cf. B.M.Cat. 
Attica, Pl. xxv, 8). t Example. 


Peeler oN OG RAPHS 


45 


46 


















A CRETAN COUNT OR 


ARGOS 
C. 322-220 B.C anueiater 
No. 67. Forepart of wolf to 1.; in front, A- 
Ry. A in shallow incuse square; below, 
animal (horse?) running to r.; above, A-I in 
two deeper incuses. 
AR .57, wt. 2:33) grm. Much ecleaneq. 
hence low weight. (Hemidrachm.) 
1 Example. 
The symbol on the reverse of this coin 
does not seem to be given in either the B.M. 
Cat. or in Babelon. 
No. 68. Forepart of wolf to 1. 
Ry. A in shallow incuse square; below, 
crescent; in field A-P. 
AR .s58, wt. 2.46 grm. (Hemidrachm. 
B.M.Cat. Peloponnesus, p. 141, No. 60.) 
3 Examples. 
No. 69. Same. 
Ry. A in shallow incuse square; below, club; 
in 1. field, N and beneath it, I. 
AR .55, wt. 2.39 #0. Micheecleaned 
hence low weight. (Hemidrachm.) 
1 Example. 
This coin also seems slightly different to 
any given in the B.M. Cat. 






NUMISMAT VON i 


Peck rE LAN COIN HOARD 


CHALCIS c. 369(?)—336 B.C. 


No. 70. Female head to r., wearing 
earring; hair rolled. (Badly struck.) 


RY. Eagle to r., with outspread wings 
seizing a serpent with its claws and beak; 
below, AAX; concave field. 


AR  .67, wt. 3.49 grm. (Drachm. Cf.B.M. 
Cat. Central Greece, Pl. xx, 14.) 1 Example. 


Pen th c.350-338 B.C. 


No. 71. Pegasos, with pointed wing, 
flying 1.; beneath, 9. 
RY. Headof Aphrodite, 1., wearing earring, 
and necklace; hair bound with crossed cords 
and tied at crown of head, leaving loose 
ends. 


Pema wie 2.20) prm. Much cleaned. 
(Drachm. B.M.Cat. Corinth, p. 46, No. 384; 
Pixie £43) 1 Example. 


A second coin of Corinth, not illustrated, 
and with a large piece broken out of the 
side, seems to be similar to B.M.Cat. 
Corinth, Pl. xili, 17, of the issue of 300-243 
BG: 


Mee wmvLONOGRAPHS 





47 


PLATE 
iB.< 


48 


A CRETAN COIN HOARD 


RHODES c. 400-333 B.C. 

No. 72. Facing head of Apollo, very 
much corroded. 
Ry. POAION. Rose and bud in incuse 
square; in r. field, bunch of grapes; below, E. 
AR .77, wt. 5.24 grm. Much cleaned. 
(Didrachm. B.M.Cat. Caria, p. 233, No. 27, 
and Pl. xxxvi, 8). 1 Example. 


MACEDON c. 185-168 B.C. 


No. 73. Head of Maenad to r., wreathed 
with vine and wearing necklace and earring. 


Ry. MAKE / 2ONON. Between the two 
lines, stern of galley r., in field, r., IT. 

AR .52, wt. 2.04 grm. (Tetrobol. B.M. 
Cat. Macedon, p. 10, No. 27). 3 Examples. 


*No. 74. Similar. 
Ry. Similar, but with the two lines of the 
inscription above stern of galley and no 
letter in field. 
AR .57, wt. 1.87 grm. Much cleaned. 


(Tetrobol. B.M.Cat. Macedon, p. 10, No. 
23). 2 Examples. 


* Through an error, the obverses and reverses of Nos. 74 
and 75 have been incorrectly placed on the plate. 


NUMISMATIC NOTES 








A CRETAN COIN HOARD 


No. 75. Similar. 
Ry. Similar to No. 73 above, but with M. 
in field to r., instead of II. 
AR .56, wt. 1.81 grm. (Tetrobol. B.M. 
Cat. Macedon, p. 10, No. 26). 2 Examples. 


Miro LAE A 
Circa 196-146 B.C. 

In the following series it will be noted 
that the weights are very irregular, ranging 
from 1.62 to 2.30 grm. The probable ex- 
planation of this irregularity is given by 
Babelon, 7raite, Vol. III, p. 210, where he 
assumes that these light weight coins were 
issued to challenge the supremacy of the 
Rhodian hemidrachms which were circulat- 
ing in such great numbers at this time. 
The whole hoard shows the influence of these 
Rhodian coins as we have already seen in 
connection with the Cydonian series,and it 
is interesting to note that the foreign pieces 
for the most part conform to the same 
standard. 

The hoard contained 129 of the coins 
of Histiaea. For the most recent discussion 
of this mint,see Newell, Octobols of Histiaea, 


mee VONOGRAPHS 


49 


50 


PLATE: X 


A CRETAN COIN HOARD 


Numismatic Notes and Monographs No. 2, 
New York, 1921; also B.M.Cat. Central 
Greece, pp. 128-135. 


No. 76. Female head to r. usually wear- 
ing earring, necklace and vine wreath; hair 
rolled. Behind head, X. 

RY IZTI AIEQN. Nymph Histiaea seated 
to r., on stern of a galley and holding a 
stylis. On galley, wing; beneath, E (?). 

AR _ .60, wt. 1.87 grm. 

There are slight variations in the grouping 
of the letters of this inscription, but save 
where they are of importance, they will not 
be mentioned, and the ethnic will be under- 
stood to read as above. All the following 
coins up to No. ror show the galley deco- 
rated with a wing, which must be understood 
in the description of the succeeding pieces. ~ 


No. 77. Similar, behind head A. 
Rz Similar, beneath, J (?) 
AR  .55, wt. 2.25 grm. 
No. 78. Similar, behind head, A. 
Ry. Similar, beneath, Toe 
AR .58; wt. 2.07 “gimee Dee aie 
p. 131, or similar. 2 Examples. 


NUMISMATIC NOTES 





A CRETAN COIN HOARD 


RY. No. 79. (Ad ?) after final N; in r. field, 


below arm, =. 
Mok 03 -%..55, Wt. 1.81 grm. 
RY No. 80. Beneath, trident and T I. 
eect wt, 213 prm. B.M.Cat. 54, 
p. 129, or similar. 3 Examples. 
Ry No. 81. Beneath, A’; above, A. 
Biuceese, wt. 2.04 grm. B.M.Cat. 74, 
Dalat. 

No. 82. 
AR .61, wt. 1.92 grm. 
Ry. No. 83. Beneath, trident(?) 
AR .56, wt. 2.24 grm. 
RY No. 84. Beneath, E A. 
AR .60, wt. 2.07 grm. 
fh “No. 8s. Tor, XN > 
M00, Wl. 2.13: 9Tm. 
Ry. No. 86. Above, A. 
ees Wien 2-20 erm.  BiM.Cat. 77, 
pers. 
RY No. 87. Symbol illegible. 
AR 50, wt. 2.18 grm. 

No. 88. Hair standing out in loose locks. 
Ry. No symbol visible. 
AR .62, wt. 1.74 grm. 


AND MONOGRAPHS 


51 


PLATE 
eal 





52 


PLATE 
XII 


A CRETAN COIN HOARD 


Ri No. 8g. Beneath, bee or fly. 
AR .56, wt. 2.20 grm. 
Ry. No. 90. Beneath, A. 
AR (55, wt. 1.72 grime 
RY. No.gr. IZTI NQHIA; beneath, double 
axe and A. 
AR .62, “wt. 2.20 7pm) Beate 
Dokisc: 4 Examples. 
Ry. No. 92. Beneath, &. 
AR .61, wt. 2:26 gr 
Ry. No. 93. Very barbarous style. 
AR _ .60, wt. 2.04 grm. 
RY. No. 94. Beneath, thunderbolt and X. 
AR .sc, wt. 1.78 grm. B.M. Cat.s58, p. 130.. 
Ry. No. 95. Illegible monogram below. 
AR .55, wt. 1.87 grm. 

No. 96. 
AR _ ,60, wt. 2.30 grm. 

No. 97. Head with flying locks of hair. 
AR .56, wt. 1.86 grm. 

No. 98. IXTIATEQN. Barbarous style. 
AR _ .60, wt. 1.74 grm. 
RY. No. 99. Beneath, trident. 
AR .55, wt. 2 grm. Biv Cat Fivmeiy 
or similar. 


NUMISMATIC NGA: 


A CRETAN COIN HOARD 


Ry. No. 100. Beneath, E VY. 

AR .60, wt. I.o1I grm. 2 Examples. 
RY. No. ror. On galley, tripod; beneath, 
trident. 

roe oee 6s wt, 1-790 erm. B.M. Cat. 
110, p. 134, or similar. 3 Examples. 
Ry No.102. On galley, bird; beneath, OE. 
eect. 1.04 - grm. B.M. Cat. 100, 
p. 133, or similar. 2 Examples. 
RY. No. 103. On galley, dagger. 

AR .58, wt. 1.81 grm. 


RY. No. 104. On galley, thunderbolt; 


beneath, X. 
AR .58, wt. 1.87 grm. 3 Examples. 


No. 105. Behind head traces of letter or 
symbol. 
Ry. In upper r. field, large bird. 
AR .56, wt. 2.07 grm. 
RY. No. 106. On galley, star; beneath, 
trident. 
oso awit. 91.02) srm.  &.M.Cat. 123, 
p. 134. 3 Examples. 
Pie ionio7, 1Ct. ... Very crude style; 
inscription and type blundered. 
AR .61, wt. 2.04 grm. 


meee vLONOGRAPHS 





54 





A CRETAN COIN HOARD 


The following coins are not illustrated but 
are included in the catalogue for purpose: of 
réfetence 

No. 108. Obverse die of No. 99 and 
similar. 

Ry. On galey, wing; beneath, TI with or 
without trident. These are different dies to 
the reverse shown under No. 80. 

AR. 60, .55, 58, Who 2.307 eenr 4 ogee eae 
Babelon, Traiie, II], Pl cxeyviipegse ee 

No. 109. Obverse die of No. 80. 

Ry. On galley, wing; beneath, trident (?) 
and FP. 

AR .63, wt. 213° 2i, = eiea es 
p. 129, or similar. 

Ry. No. 110. On galley, wing; beneath, 
trident. 

AR .55, wt. 2.10 grm. -B-DL Cate 4638) 
p. 128, or similar. 


RY. No. 111. On galley, wing; beneath. 
trident and YQ. 


AR .58,. wt. 1.85) 9h. Bei ean 
p. 135, or similar. 


ky. No. 112. On galley, star; no symbol; 


NUMISMATUCEN Daa 


A CRETAN COIN HOARD 


not the same dies as No. 106 which has the 
trident as symbol. 

Poo wie. 1-o291m. B.M.Cat. 125-126, 
p. 134, or similar. 3 Examples, different 
dies. 

Ry. No. 113. Beneath galley, crested 
helmet. 

Pees teow te74 etm. B.M.Cat.117, 
p. 134, and similar. 3 Examples, different 
dies. 

nemo. tr4, Lype to leit. 

fereO7 Wie Tor grm. B.M.Cat.108, 
p. 133, or similar. 

There are seventy of these coins of His- 
tiaea in addition to the above, but a good 
many of them are in bad condition with the 
symbols and legends largely obliterated, so 
that I have not attempted to illustrate or 
describe them. 


Peet NOGRAPHS 








CRETAN HOARD Pirate | 





CYDONIA 


ae 


De ee 


ore 





ee ee eT 


CRETAN HOARD 


Pirate II 





CYDONIA 





Pirate III 





CYDONIA 








CRETAN HOARD PLATE IV 





CYDONIA 





CRETAN HOARD PLATE V 





Bobtas ~ KLi45 4 L:46 K:47 
CYDONIA 





CRETAN HOARD PLATE VI 





M:48 





TANOS 





UNCERTAIN 





CRETAN HOARD PLATE VII 





CYDONIA 





CRETAN HOARD Pirate VIII 








CRETAN HOARD Pate 1X 








PLATE X 


CRETAN HOARD 





HISTIAEA 


= 





CRETAN HOARD PLaTE XI 





96 97 
HISTIAEA 





CRETAN HOARD PLATE XII 





I0O Iol 





HISTIAEA 





Numismatic Notres AND MONOGRAPHS 





t. Sydney P:* Noe. Coin Hoards. 1921. 
47 pages. 6 plates. 5oc. 

2. Edward T. Newell. Octobols of Histiza. 
1921. 25 pages. 2 plates. soc. 

3. Edward T. Newell. Alexander Hoards— 
Introduction and Kyparissia Hoard. 
1921. 21 pages. 2 plates. s5oc. 

4. Howland Wood. The Mexican Revolu- — 
tionary Coinage 1913-1916. 1921. 44 
pages. 26 plates. $2.00. 

5. Leonidas Westervelt. The Jenny Lind 
Medals and Tokens. 1921. 25 pages. 
9 plates. soc. 

6. Agnes Baldwin. Five Roman Gold Me- 
dallions. 1921. 103 pages. 8 plates. 
$1.50. 

7. Sydney P. Noe. Medallic Work of A. 

E'S sz=«~-- eal 














Mint of the Philip-- 
'$ pages. 4 plates. 


LL.D. Computing 
pages. 25 plates. 


The First Seleucid 
{921. 40 pages. 8 


French Orders 
922. 110 pages. 35 





NuMIsMATIC NoTEs AND MoNoGRAPHS 


12, 


aa 


14. 


15; 


16. 


17. 


Rb ee 


19. 


20. 


21. 


22. 


(CONTINUED) 


Howland Wood. Gold Dollars of 1858. 
1922. 7 pages. 2 plates. 5oc. 


R. B. Whitehead. Pre-Mohammedan 
Coinage of N. W. India. 1922, 56 
pages. 15 plates. $2.00. 


George F. Hill. Attambelos I of 
Characene. 1922. 12 pages. 3 plates. 
$1.00. 

M. P. Vlasto. Taras Oikistes (A Con- 
tribution to Tarentine Numismatics). 
1922. 234 pages. 13 plates. $3.50. 

Howland Wood. Commemorative Coin- 
age of United States. 1922. 63 pages. 
7 plates. $1.50. 

Agnes Baldwin. Six Roman Bronze 
Medallions. 1923. 39 pages. 6 plates. | 
$1.50. 


Howland Wood. ‘Tegucigalpa Coinage LY 


of 1823. 1923. 16 pages. 2 plates. 


§oc. 


Edward T. Newell. Alexander Hoards— 
II. Demanhur Hoard. 1923. 162 
pages. 8 plates. $2.50. 


Harrold E. Gillingham. Italian Orders of 
Chivalry and Medals of Honour. 1928. 
146 pages. 34 plates. $2.00. 


Edward T. Newell. Alexander Hoards 
—III. Andritsaena. 1924. 39 pages. 
6 plates. $1.00. . 


C. T. Seltman. A Hoard from Side. 
1924. 20 pages. 3 plates. s5oc. 








